Prometheus

In order to evaluate the quality gates and allow self-healing in production, we have to set up monitoring to get the needed data.

Prerequisites

To setup Prometheus monitoring for you Kubernetes cluster, a Keptn project and at least one onboarded service must be available. For example, finish the Onboarding a Service tutorial or onboard your own service.

Setup Prometheus

After creating a project and service, you can setup Prometheus monitoring and configure scrape jobs using the Keptn CLI.

To install the prometheus-service, execute:

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/keptn-contrib/prometheus-service/release-0.3.2/deploy/service.yaml

Execute the following command to set up the rules for the Prometheus Alerting Manager:
```
keptn configure monitoring prometheus --project=PROJECTNAME --service=SERVICENAME
```

Verify Prometheus setup in your cluster

To verify that the Prometheus scrape jobs are correctly set up, you can access Prometheus by enabling port-forwarding for the prometheus-service:
```
kubectl port-forward svc/prometheus-service 8080 -n monitoring
```

Prometheus is then available on localhost:8080/targets where you can see the targets for the service:

Setup Prometheus SLI provider

During the evaluation of a quality gate, the Prometheus SLI provider is required that is implemented by an internal Keptn service, the prometheus-sli-service. This service will fetch the values for the SLIs that are referenced in a SLO configuration.

To install the prometheus-sli-service, execute:

kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/keptn-contrib/prometheus-sli-service/0.2.1/deploy/service.yaml

The prometheus-sli-service needs access to a Prometheues instance. If you have completed the steps from Setup Prometheus, the prometheus-sli-service uses the Prometheus instance running in the cluster. Otherwise, create a secret containing the user, password, and url. The secret must have the following format (please note the double-space indentation):
```
  user: username
  password: ***
  url: http://prometheus-service.monitoring.svc.cluster.local:8080
```
If this information is stored in a file, e.g. prometheus-creds.yaml, the secret can be created with the following command. Please note that there is a naming convention for the secret because this can be configured per project. Thus, the secret has to have the name prometheus-credentials-<project>. Do not forget to replace the <project> placeholder with the name of your project:
```
kubectl create secret -n keptn generic prometheus-credentials-<project> --from-file=prometheus-credentials=./prometheus-creds.yaml
```

Configure custom SLIs

To tell the prometheus-sli-service how to acquire the values of an SLI, the correct query needs to be configured. This is done by adding an SLI configuration to a project, stage, or service using the add-resource command. The resource identifier must be prometheus/sli.yaml.

Please take a look at this snippet which implements a concrete SLI file to learn more about the structure of a SLI file. It is possible to use placeholders such as $PROJECT, $SERVICE, $STAGE and $DURATION_SECONDS in the queries.

---
spec_version: '1.0'
indicators:
  response_time_p50: histogram_quantile(0.5, sum by(le) (rate(http_response_time_milliseconds_bucket{job="$SERVICE-$PROJECT-$STAGE"}[$DURATION_SECONDS])))
  response_time_p90: histogram_quantile(0.9, sum by(le) (rate(http_response_time_milliseconds_bucket{job="$SERVICE-$PROJECT-$STAGE"}[$DURATION_SECONDS])))
  response_time_p95: histogram_quantile(0.95, sum by(le) (rate(http_response_time_milliseconds_bucket{job="$SERVICE-$PROJECT-$STAGE"}[$DURATION_SECONDS])))

In the below example, the SLI configuration as specified in the sli-config-prometheus.yaml file is added to the service carts in stage hardening from project sockshop.

keptn add-resource --project=sockshop --stage=hardening --service=carts --resource=sli-config-prometheus.yaml --resourceUri=prometheus/sli.yaml

Note: The add-resource command can be used to store a configuration on project-, stage-, or service-level. In the context of an SLI configuration, Keptn first uses SLI configuration stored on the service-level, then on the stage-level, and finally Keptn uses SLI configuration stored on the project-level.